It did not tell students promptly if their requests were granted, did not communicate with students and parents about providing reasonable accommodations in a timely, interactive, or sympathetic fashion, and adding the additional requirements for students to prove their LD status seemed destined to add further levels of bureaucracy to the process. Also, because learning disabilities can be a spectrum, someone with a mild learning disability seeking moderate accommodation might be forced to engage in some very 'major' testing. Students should be required to submit some documentation, either from their school system (such as a history of reasonable documentation,...
On-staff specialists or specialists with references in the community could be provided for individuals who lacked such documentation of a disability. There should also be a timely appeals process for individuals who wished another hearing of their case. Cases should be evaluated not only on the strength of the credentials of the reviewer, but upon the extent of the accommodations that were requested and the credibility of the student's history in documenting his or her LD.
Decision Making, Impulse Control, And Cognitive Development Cognitive development entails the development in children with respect to processing of information, conceptual resources, skills in perception, learning the language and development of the brain. Piaget and Vygotsky advance theories explain cognitive development in children. These theories are similar in some aspects, yet they still differ about issues (Nakagaki, 2011). Piaget gives four stages to explain cognitive development whereby he advances that each
In addition, a New Jersey Court decision (Jerkins v Anderson, 2007) found that schools have a duty to provide reasonable supervision and care not only at school and during school times but at school release times as well. They must adopt a reasonable policy that is designed to protect all students at all times when "connected" to the school and must be "well-suited and well equipped" to oversee dismissal,
(Schall, 1998) In addition to a lightened burden of proof and broader definition there were two additional changes resulting from the amendment which served to positively affect the impact and ultimate effectiveness of the legislation. This amendment clarified the fact that judges are not allowed to assess possible mitigating factors such as medication, corrective surgery, or specialized equipment in the determination of whether or not an individual is disabled. This
Americans With Disabilities Act The case of the State College with the disabled student, who does not have access to the music building, is troubling. This is because the Administration has refused to make any kind of modifications to the structure in order to accommodate disabled persons. For this student, he must have someone physically carry him up and down the stairs to his classes. This is humiliating for him and
In my view, it is clear that the parents' decision to include their son in mainstream high school classes was a wise one. Even with their reservations, it appears that educational professionals agreed with this view. The disagreements are evidently mainly the result of philosophical differences, with educators being reserved about inclusion while parents were clearly overwhelmingly positive. I think greater alignment could have been achieved from the beginning if the
65). By controlling these two aspects of a scientific experiment, researchers are able to establish the specific causality of the phenomenon being studied. In this regard, Kahle and Riley note that, "Traditionally, causality is established through strict control and randomization over all other factors while experimentally manipulating the variable or variables in question" (2004, p. 165). Finally, Gliner and Morgan (2000) report that the internal validity (discussed further below)
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